Cyber Security Challenges in Automotive Sector

Cyber security is the collaborative effort to mitigate cyber-attacks or forbidden attacks with the aid of various methods, technologies, and processes to safeguard the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer systems, networks and data.

Contemporary technologies like artificial intelligence and its subsets, machine learning, computer vision, IoT, cloud technologies, smart robotics and mobility are driving innovation in the connected and autonomous vehicle industry.

We are experiencing growing momentum with Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) expected to exceed 15% over the next four years.
The EU Agency for Cyber Security (ENISA) and the Joint Research Center (JRC) had put forth a transcript cautioning that autonomous vehicles bear grave cyber Security risks. Systematic security validation of AI models and data by collecting large amounts of data and conducting risk assessments on AI models and algorithms.

Brief News:

• According to TUV, there will be 13 million highly automated vehicles by 2030!

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How Will Autonomous Vehicles Communicate?

• Within the vehicle
• With infrastructure
• With equipment
• With each other
• With other networks

What are the possible Cyber-security Threats?

Failure of driving tasks

Vehicle theft

• Data theft
• Infrastructure data
• Personal data
• Vehicle data

Collison

• Commercial loss
• Brand
• Low buyer confidence
• Revenue loss

Other systems fail

• Wrong navigation
• Interrupted entertainment system
• Fault diagnosis

• Sensor jamming, blinding, spoofing, saturation – enable malicious hackers to feed incorrect or incomplete data to AI systems

• DDoS Attacks – Denial of Service attacks interfere with autonomous driving and cause malfunctions.

• Manipulating vehicular communication equipment –   such as manipulation of communication channels, sensors, incorrectly interpreting signals, images.

• Information disclosure – breach of sensitive and personal data

• Standardization – the lack of a unified protocol across all regions will increase cost, complexity and interoperability.

How to respond to Cyber Security Challenges?

• Validate AI Models – Perform Risk Assessment on AI Models, Algorithms
• Follow AI safety rules
• Stakeholders can simulate, practice attack scenarios, provoke cyber Security incidents – discover and manage vulnerabilities
• Extend expertise in AI cyber security to the automotive industries
• AI-related Incident Handling and Vulnerability Discovery and Lessons Learned- Stakeholders are advised to simulate various attack scenarios, practice and deal with cyber security incidents and set up response teams.
• There should be tackling of the limited capacity and expertise on AI Cyber Security in the Automotive Industry by generating diverse teams in the Cyber Security and ML areas. The initiation of specialized courses will also close out the AI technical gap in the automotive sector.
• Consumers could be diffident to bear the premium costs associated with embedded connectivity.

Emerging technologies do not always follow the same path of becoming mainstream. How we tackle the cybersecurity challenge could have a profound impact on the success of connected and especially autonomous cars.

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With no powerful or guaranteed security for autonomous vehicles, systems and infrastructure at reasonable prices or a practical, mass market for these vehicles simply could not prevail.

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